Friday, April 24, 2020

Getting the Best Alien 1979 Essay Topics

Getting the Best Alien 1979 Essay Topics The resources out there for internet essay serve the aim of distinct heights of the academic curricula. Hence, it's crucial to take advantage of convincing ideas or information. There are a few great topics to take into account when selecting topic for your argumentative essay. The site offers you a topic on which you have to begin writing your essay. Life is much better than it was 50 decades ago. Research is the sole thing that will make it possible for students to find and select the best company that could offer persuasive speech assistance online. Churchill's approach to science is essential, Livio stated. Therefore, many students and employees decide to obtain affordable essay rather than writing it themselves. School tests aren't powerful. Yearly driving tests ought to be mandatory over a particular age. They should be mandatory for the first five years after getting a license. When it has to do with the middle school, the argumentative essay incorporates moderate topics. An argumentative essay is a sort of academic papers that students write in the center school. To do so, you want to get a guide to compose the very best essay on the selected topic. At times you might require some expert help with argumentative essay topics. If you're authentic, nobody can write the exact essay as you! There are not any other written assignments. Kissing in public needs to be banned Men needs to be sent to some other planet. Women ought to be fined whenever they scream. Kids ought to be able to vote. Children watch an excessive amount of television. They should be required to read more. Studying should consist of task of essay that argues a specific idea. Taking assistance from tutors and friends is a great way to come up with your abilities. Many people think that extraterrestrial life is existent and a lot more advanced then us. One projects oneself onto the qualities and characteristics of the deity, the same as a movie goer relates to character no matter gender. The study of unknown has ever attracted the human minds and abduction phenomenon is just one of such area that provides good quantity of challenge and adventure. Abduction phenomenon is absolutely an interesting region to explore. Taking into consideration that there's a wide variety of topics and ideas for persuasive papers and distinct tactics to create them, it frequently becomes difficult for students to choose the most relevant and intriguing topic and method to follow. The particular effects, casting and contemporary concept made a new bench mark that wasn't met for a long time to come. When it can be difficult to inspire children to compose essays, the trick is to introduce subjects or issues they're interested in. Each attempts to cope with their loss in various ways. The movie includes mostly external conflict because of the simple fact that the alien should be hunted down and destroyed. The movie displays wide range of framing depending on what happens throughout the movie. It makes a very strong point that all of the horror and death is a result of a far-removed corporation deciding that the profit of having the alien is worth the lives of the crew. Once you comprehend the kind of essay, it's time to choose a topic. To choose which subject you're likely to discuss, it's vital to see the complete collection of good persuasive speech topics from the specific area of study. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's vital to at all times be critically considering the world around us. Recent argumentative essay topics that are related to society is going to do.

How Do You Choose the Right Topics For Your Graduate Research Paper?

How Do You Choose the Right Topics For Your Graduate Research Paper?How do you choose graduate level research paper topics? If you are new to the career of writing research papers, you will be able to make a big difference if you learn to do it in the right way.Graduate level research paper topics should not only be 'hot' topics. In fact, you can actually do a lot better if your topics are unique and fresh. If you choose them yourself and write them in an interesting way, it is likely that your students will enjoy the paper as well.There are several common graduate level research paper topics. One of the more popular topics for grad students today is the use of network science to improve your research methods. One of the reasons this topic appeals to a lot of people is that it is not too technical and that you can tackle the subject in a relatively short amount of time.However, you will need to make sure that you choose topics that are relevant to your particular area of study or spe cialty, and that you discuss the research topics that have been researched by other researchers. Of course, most of us are going to be interested in reading about someone else's research findings. For this reason, you should select topics that are not too specific and that provide you with a way to become well-versed in the subject matter.The two things that you need to consider when you are choosing graduate level research paper topics are research methodology and the results. While researching the research methodology will give you a good background of the research in question, it is necessary to note that the results will reflect on the results themselves. Therefore, you must make sure that you do not discuss the research method in your paper because it may have already been published.When you are choosing graduate level research paper topics, you will also want to be aware of whether or not there is any potential conflict of interest. You must be aware of all of the potential co nflicts so that you do not accidentally make an argument for one of your colleagues that they would not have chosen. In addition, you should consider making the argument in a non-threatening way. If the argument seems too much, you can always switch gears and look at another topic.Finally, when you are choosing graduate level research paper topics, you need to be aware of how the readers will respond to the content. Although the topic is popular, you do not want to present your readers with a highly technical and complex topic. Instead, you want to present them with a clear and easy-to-understand explanation of the topic. To provide that easy-to-understand understanding, you will want to use an outline and guide them through the writing process.The best way to research and learn more about graduate level research paper topics is to use a search engine. Once you find the topic you are interested in, you can find a number of different research papers that are related to it, or even a number of other related topics. If you use these resources, you will have a greater chance of learning more about the topic than if you simply choose a random topic on your own.

Key Pieces of Photo Essay Topics College

Key Pieces of Photo Essay Topics College Take camera with you whenever you go to school and earn a report on a normal school day. Needless to say, you must carefully choose every shot. Every student would like to beat the remainder of the competition to collect best photos and use them in their essay. Finding the Best Photo Essay Topics College So you don't actually wish to obtain a topic! If you're assigned a specific topic, consider the methods to develop it. Select a topic which you're passionate about. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics since you need opposing points that you are able to counter to your own points. Just like with any essay you have ever written, the very first step in arranging a photo essay is to settle on a topic. It is dependent on requirements to a specific essay or your own alternative. When you choose a topic that you're passionate about, the practice gets easy. Do not neglect to develop an efficient outline to be successful! The Appeal of Photo Essay Topics College Out of the many varieties of essays, photo essays are definitely the most illustrious. A photo essay is a distinctive job and you may discover that it's rather hard to finish, particularly if you have never done it before. All photo essays should be constructed around a concrete emotional reaction. Every photo essay seeks to make an emotional answer, but that emotion is your decision. Based on the motivations behind your photo essay and what kind of subject it depicts, a lengthier text might be necessaryor just a few words might be sufficient. For peoplen't acquainted with the term photo essay, don't have any fear. Based on your theme, there are some kinds of photos you will want to use to anchor your essay. Many students think that it is a waste of time. Colleges want to find a feeling of maturity and introspectionpinpoint the transformation and demonstrate your private growth. They are not looking for perfect people. If you've ever read Fruits, you will understand what street fashion can be like. It's quite important to demonstrate your capacity to be a thorough observer of the Earth, since that will be one of your chief jobs as a college student. Also, bear in mind that no college is eager to admit somebody who is too close-minded to gain from being taught by other people. Advertising and the media are now nearly inseparable from society for a whole. The essay is where to permit the admissions office of your intended college get to understand your personality, character, and the talents and techniques that aren't on your transcript. After discovering our website, you will no longer will need to bother friends and family with these kinds of requests. Explain your commitments, and you're going to be the sort of student colleges find immensely attractive. Before giving an official photo essay assignment, give students a chance to practice and get feedback. Have a good idea of what you wish to attain, and create it like you were teaching another person. When you're picking your topic, bear in mind that it's much simpler to write about something which you currently have interest ineven in case you don't know a great deal about it. Most people have a challenging time checking over their very own work. From time to time, seeing an illustration is the ideal approach to begin with a new project. Key Pieces of Photo Essay Topics College In such a way, you will be sure to make your essay stick out from the rest! When you employ a professional writer to complete the assignment for your benefit, you understand that your writing is in good hands. Another aim of the analytical essay is to assess thinking and that which you would do in various conditions. P.S. Keep in mind it is possible to contact online academic writers to help in topic selection together with writing the entire paper from A to Z.

What to Look For in MBA Leadership Essay Samples

What to Look For in MBA Leadership Essay SamplesMBA leadership essay samples are one of the most effective ways to get a letter of recommendation from your potential employer. Even though there are many ways to get a letter of recommendation from the company, you need to look for the right ones as well. If you know which firms send you recommendations, then your letter of recommendation will be guaranteed to be an effective one.There are a lot of companies that send out their leadership essay samples on a regular basis. Many times you can find your letter on the front page of the company's newsletter or even have it quoted in the business section of your daily newspaper. You can ask your future employer if they would like to receive your letter.When you are searching for leadership essay samples, one of the best places to start is on the internet. Many websites will let you do a reverse email search on them to see what they have. Be careful when doing a reverse email search because s ome may send out links to sites that are harmful to your computer. Use the right resources to search for quality essay samples.Once you have done a search, there are a few things that you will want to look for when trying to find a business sector that sends out their sample letters. For example, try to find ones that are in the financial industry, or in the legal business sector. Some of the less common areas are tech and technology, but any one of these sectors can work. Be sure to keep your eyes open for this area, as well as ones that specialize in niche areas such as teaching or marketing.Once you have found leadership essay samples that are in those particular areas, you can move on to searching for their types of programs. This should include whether they offer MBAs in your area. You can do a Google search on it or check their website to see if you can find out more information. It is always wise to ask your potential employer if they offer a specific program. If they don't, then you are better off with a different program.Make sure that they are offering the course you want before sending out your resume. The more research you put into it, the better off you will be in the long run. Making sure that the companies you are applying for are going to offer the training you are looking for will help you get a good acceptance letter from your employer.With the growth of the internet, the number of business firms that send out their leadership essay samples has dramatically increased. You can ensure that you are sending out a professional letter to your future employer by using a high-quality essay samples service.

Friday, April 17, 2020

The U.S. involvement in Iraq Essay Example

The U.S. involvement in Iraq Essay The U.S. involvement in Iraq and adequate response to terrorist threat remain the most contested aspects of American foreign policy. The attack of 9/11 was one of the most tragic landmarks in American history; it revealed that the issue of international terrorism should be effectively tackled. By the time of the attack, Al Qaeda terrorist network accumulated enough resources to pose a considerable threat to the U.S. homeland security. After the proxy was between the U.S. and the USSR on the territory of Afghanistan, radical Islamism began to spread over the Middle East and resulted in the establishment of Taliban government there. When the Taliban refused to hand over Osama Bin Laden, the suspect in the 9/11 attacks, the U.S. launched an attack on Afghanistan and overthrew the regime. However, there was intelligence data pointing on another major threat, that of Iraq that allegedly developed WMDs in defiance of UN resolutions. In 2003, the U.S. launched the Operation Iraqi Freedom an d toppled Saddam Hussein. However, regime change did not bring stability; neither did it put an end to insurgency. Therefore, the U.S. should stay the course in Iraq till the final settlement of the issue. The Rise of Islamism in the Middle East According to the U.S. Department of State (2003), the origins of the present form of radical Islamism can be traced back to the Afghan-Soviet conflict in late 1980s. The conflict contributed to the rise of Taliban that aimed at unifying Arabs who fought against Soviet Union and providing help to Afghan resistance. USSR’s foreign policy induced recruiting, training and financing Sunni Islamic extremists for the resistance forces. Looking at the issue in a broader historical context, after Afghanistan’s coup of 1978 resulting in the People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) led by Nur Muhammad Taraki coming to power, the dangerous buildup of tension started. PDPA can be regarded as the most important Soviet-orientated Communist party of those times foe the reason that many of its leaders had studied or undergone military training in the USSR. The coup itself was planned and supported by the USSR. Following the events of 1978 Afghanistan relied on foreign aid from the USSR, which was a significant foreign policy change for a country that had maneuvered between the U.S. and the USSR without decisively siding with any of them (Ahmed, 2001). We will write a custom essay sample on The U.S. involvement in Iraq specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The U.S. involvement in Iraq specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The U.S. involvement in Iraq specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The U.S., alarmed by the fact that they were loosing Afghanistan to communism, started its covert operation prior to large-scale Soviet invasion. There were also fears of Persian Gulf area moving out of the sphere of American influence (Gasper, 2001). The goal of supporting anti-Soviet insurgency in Afghanistan was two-fold: first of all, there were plans to overthrow Taraki’s government with a view of establishing a new government under American control, secondly, provoking Russian to invade Afghanistan was perceived as a means of weakening the rival superpower. Ex-National Security Adviser under President Carter, Zbigniew Brzezenski, is reported to have said the following: ‘We did not push the Russians into invading[but]we knowingly increased the probability that they would. The secret operation was an excellent idea. The effect was to draw the Russians into the Afghan trap’ (Power, 2005, para. 3). Fearing the U.S. overtaking Afghanistan, the USSR invaded the country in December 1979. The result was a brutal civil war that brought about numerous casualties. It also resulted in a fraction of military and political leaders fleeing to Pakistan to organize a liberation movement which was subsequently manipulated by the U.S. (Ahmed, 2001). After Soviet troops left in 1989, numerous militant groups previously sponsored by the U.S. started to compete for political power. The country remained in the state of anarchy and civil war before one of such groups, the Taliban, managed to consolidate a significant degree of power by the mid-1990s. The regime instituted by the Taliban was oppressive in its nature and violated human rights of Afghan citizens. The Taliban was backed by Pakistan and funded by Saudi Arabia (Karon, 2001). However, the far-reaching implication of the war in Afghanistan and the Taliban’s taking over Kabul in 1996 concern the rise of militant Islam in the Middle East. For many Muslim radicals, Russian invasion of Afghanistan was a sign of the ‘clash of civilization’ that led to the strengthening of anti-Western sentiment in some parts of the Muslim world. Given the support for the Taliban provided by certain fractions in other Muslim countries, it served the purpose of establishing close ties among militant Islamic organizations in the region. U.S. inconsistent foreign policy also contributed to the complication of the situation. U.S. secretly supported the Taliban until 1998, when Washington charged Osama bin Laden with the bombing of the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania and launched cruise missiles at Bin Ladens alleged training camps in Afghanistan (Gasper, 2001). Therefore, proxy war between the two superpowers contributed to the rise of militant Islamism in the region. U.S. covert support for anti-Soviet insurgency became the starting point of training and arming Muslim terrorists that are the primary enemy of the U.S. (and the rest of what is called ‘the Western world’) nowadays. Origins and Rise of Al Qaeda First of all, it is necessary to take a close look at the charismatic leader of Al Qaeda, Osama Bin Laden. He was hailed as a hero of anti-Soviet insurgency, and the Taliban welcomed him back to Afghanistan in 1996 after his had to leave Sudan. Bin Laden supposedly strengthened his connections with the Taliban leadership through his daughters marriage to its leader, Mullah Omar. His ‘Arab Afghan’ militants contributed to the Talibans takeover of the country. Many Taliban fighters received training in Bin Ladens camps (Karon, 2001). An important reason for the popular appeal of Bin Laden is connected with his promises to restore the former pride of Muslim countries, currently disoriented by globalization. He interprets Quar’an to serve his own interest; fundamentalism has always been present in Muslim countries, and the terrorist groups found a platform to consolidate it. Bin Laden issued a number of ‘fatwas’, or verdicts based on Islamic law; one of the most important was the ‘Declaration of Jihad on the Americans Occupying the Country of the Two Sacred Places’ that called upon the elimination of foreign forces at the Arabian Peninsula. Bin Laden’s Al Qaeda has grown throughout the 1990s to become one of the strongest terrorist networks. The US Department of State (2003) reports that current goal of Al Qaeda is establishing an Islamic Caliphate by combating anti-Islam regimes and removing non-Muslim population from traditionally Muslim countries. The organization was based in Afghanistan until the US-led war on terrorism made them change their location. However, Al Qaeda has cells worldwide; it is reported to have location across South Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East. Al Qaeda planned to become a platform for the unification of allied Islamic extremist organization who shared the same values and objectives. As a consequence, Al Qaeda merged with Al-Jihad and al Gamaa al Islamiya, both Egyptian extremist groups, in 2001. Their united campaign would be known under the name of the World Islamic Front for Jihad Against the Jews and the Crusaders. Al Qaeda is in the heart of widely developed terrorist network worldwide; it is a focal point for a number of Sunni Islamic extremist groups, for example, al-Gama’a al-Islamiyya, the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, and the Harakat ul-Mujahidin. As for the way of obtaining financial resources, Al Qaeda has its own businesses and benefits from donations from international supporters. Sometimes the organization uses illegal ways to gain money, for instance, by manipulating with donations to charitable organizations. As for the structure, Al Qaeda is generally viewed as consisting of four committees, namely the Military Committee, Finance Committee, Religious/Legal Committee and Media Committee; all the committees report to Majlis. Al Qaeda claims to have attacked US helicopters and US servicemen in Somalia in 1993 and to have carried out three explosions that targeted US troops in Yemen 1992. Al Qaeda planned to assassinate Pope John Paul II during his visit to Manila in 1994 and Bill Clinton during his visit to the Philippines in 1995. The same year the organization planed to bomb a number of American transpacific flights, but these plans were not carried out (Katzman, 2005). In August 1998, Al Qaeda carried out the bombings of the US Embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Tanzania, that resulted in approximately 300 killed and 5,000 injured. In 1999, Al Qaeda planned to explode an airport in Los Angeles and to attack American and Israeli tourists in Jordan during the celebration of the new millennium. This operation was disrupted the planned operation and brought 28 suspected terrorists before the court (Katzman, 2005). In October 2000, an attack on the USS Cole in Yemen was conducted with 17 members of US Navy killed and 39 injured. In December 2001, a terrorist tried to conduct and explosion on a flight Paris-Miami with the help of a shoe bomb. In 2002, Al Qaeda conducted bombing of a hotel in Mombassa, Kenya, with 15 killed and 40 injured, and supported bombing of a nightclub in Bali that killed 180 people. In April, it conducted a bombing of a synagogue in Tunisia that resulted in 19 killed and 22 injured. In October, an attack on U.S. soldiers in Kuwait was initiated. Al Qaeda directed the attack on MV Limburg off the coast of Yemen. The organization also attempted to attack an Israeli plane with an air missile in the airport of Mombassa (Katzman, 2005). In 2003, the scale of organization’s activities became very significant. In spring 2003, it conducted bombing of three expatriate housing complexes in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; this terrorist attack resulted in 20 people killed and 139 injured. In autumn, it again conducted the bombing of   a housing complex in Riyadh that killed 17 and injured 100 persons (Katzman, 2005). Al Qaeda participated in an attack on a Jewish club and hotel in Casablanca that killed 41 people and injured more than 100. It is likely that Al Qaeda took part in the bombing of Marriott Hotel in Jakarta in August that resulted in 17 people killed and 137 injured. In November, the terrorist network staged explosions in two synagogues in Istanbul the resulted in 23 persons killed and 200 injured. The same month Al Qaeda carried out the bombing of the British Consulate and HSBC Bank in the capital of Turkey that killed 27 and injure 455 (Katzman, 2005). As for the major cases that occurred in 2004, there is a need to mention the explosion of ten bombs in Madrid on the 11th of March 2004. This terrorist attack resulted in 191 deaths and 1,800 injuries. It is believed that the terrorist attack was committed by the Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group supported by Al Qaeda. Operation Iraqi Freedom The most significant, notorious and tragic operation of Al Qaeda was 9/11 attack. Four planes were hijacked and crashed into the World Trade Center, Pentagon and a field in Shanksville. According to the official report of 9/11 Commission (2004), more than 2,600 people died at the World Trade Center; 125 died at the Pentagon; 256 died on the four planes; altogether the number of deaths reaches almost 3,000. After the nation recovered from the shock, attempts were made to understand the reasons for this well-designed and cold-blooded crime. There were numerous investigations by the government authorities, scholars, and the public. Many people believe that 9/11 signified that the hatred of the Islamic extremists had reached its peak. Thus, the 9/11 Commission Report speaks of the attack as a shock, not a surprise, as Islamists have continuously issued warning that they had been planning massive killings of American citizens (National Commission on Terrorist Attacks, 2004). After the 9/11 attack, the fight against terrorism was firmly put at the top of the government agenda. There were widespread fears that terrorists were planning subsequent attacks on the United States. After the Taliban refused to hand over Osama bin Laden who was suspected of engineering the 9/11, the U.S. launched an operation in Afghanistan that toppled the Taliban government. Afghan Interim Authority with a six months mandate was established in 2001; it was succeeded by the Transitional Authority with a two year mandate. The new Constitution of Afghanistan was passed in early 2004; however, the government is still weak, and the insurgency continues. After the Afghanistan operation, Al Qaeda fighters were dispersed from their bases in mountains and relocated to urban Arab environment, where they could be more readily hidden and helped. Most Arabs who were in Afghanistan moved to Iraq. The treat of terrorism led to the U.S. operation aimed at toppling Saddam Hussein. As for the U.S.-Iraq relations before 9/11, the relation between two states deteriorated in 1990, when Iraq invaded Kuwait. A year after the U.S. and coalition attacked Iraq from Saudi Arabia, leading to the Gulf War. The war almost toppled Saddam Hussein, but he managed to stay in power, to the dismay of American leaders. Iraq’s alleged possession of WMDs in defiance of United Nations resolutions was the most widely cited reason for the operation in the official documents. The reason for the beginning of the operation was associated with the allegations that Iraq was developing weapons of mass destruction, which could be subsequently used to attack the U.S. America decided it had sufficient proof of the existence of such weapons to commence the attack, since the CIA concluded that Iraq has went on developing its WMD programs failing to comply with restrictions placed by the UN. However, independent commission of weapon inspectors concluded that Iraq did not posses such weapons. As the Guardian (2004) reports, the Iraq Survey Group announced on October 6, 2004 that 15 months of searching have provided no proof that Saddam Hussein possessed significant weapons of mass destruction before the beginning of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Thomas E. Ricks (2006, p.23), the author of the book titled ‘Fiasco: The American Military Adventure in Iraq,’ writes that ‘Bush wanted to remove Saddam, through military action, justified by the conjunction of terrorism and WMD.’ Logical reasoning in support of the fact that there were no WMDs in Iraq suggests that if Saddam Hussein had possessed those weapons, he would have used them. Therefore, they claim that WMD was only an excuse caught at by the U.S. government. Yet even if the intelligence that led to the attack on Iraq was faulty, the U.S. has the obligation to stay the course. The Importance of Staying the Course in Iraq Pulling out from Iraq at the moment will have dangerous long-term consequences. The country is unstable and suffers from sectarian violence, and the U.S. pulling out forces will leave Iraq in a complete devastation. The country may then be left to insurgent terrorist groups or even fall apart. Saudi Arabian Foreign Minister Saud al-Faisal said two years ago that ‘Iraq is heading toward disintegration, raising fears of a wider regional conflict’ (Daily Times, 2005, para.1). The duty of Americans as a nation is to oversee the final settlement of the issue with Iraq. The U.S. is the only superpower left after the collapse of the Soviet Union, therefore the present system of international relations is essentially unipolar. In this context, Anthony A. Loh (1999) from Weatherhead Center for International Affairs Harvard University introduces the theory of ‘benign hegemony’ under which the stable nature of the global balance of power does not allow any open conflict to break out. Robert Kagan (1998, p.27), senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, suggests the ‘the benevolent hegemony exercised by the United States is good for a vast portion of the world’s population.’ For this reason, the U.S. should live up to the expectations of the world community and stay the course in Iraq till the situation in the region is stabilized and imminent terrorist threat is eliminated. References Ahmed, Nafeez Mosaddeq. Afghanistan, the Taliban and the United States. May 2, 2001. http://www.mediamonitors.net/mosaddeq2.html#1 Daily Times. ‘Saudi Arabia says Iraq faces disintegration.’ September 24, 2005. November 8, 2007. http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=story_24-9-2005_pg4_1 Gasper, Phil. Afghanistan, the CIA, bin Laden, and the Taliban. International Socialist Review. November-December, 2001. November 8, 2007. http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/Afghanistan/Afghanistan_CIA_Taliban.html Guardian. Iraq had no WMD – Inspectors. October 6, 2004. November 8, 2007. http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,2763,1321386,00.html Kagan, Robert. Benevolent Empire. Foreign Policy 111 (1998): 24-35. Karon, Tony. The Taliban and Afghanistan. The Time. September 18, 2001. November 8, 2007. http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,175372,00.html Katzman, Kenneth. Al Qaeda: Profile and Threat Assessment. Congressional Research Service. August 17, 2005. November 8, 2007. http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/terror/RL33038.pdf Loh, Anthony A. A Stripped–Down Conception of Hegemony. August 1999. November 8, 2007. http://www.ciaonet.org/wps/loa01 National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States. Baton Rouge, LA: Claitors Law Books and Publishing Division, 2004. Power, Jonathan. Anti-Soviet jihad cause of present terrors. December 23, 2005. November 8, 2007. http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2005%5C12%5C23%5Cstory_23-12-2005_pg3_4 Ricks, Thomas E. Fiasco: The American Military Adventure in Iraq. New York: Penguin Press, 2006. U.S. Department of State. Patterns of Global Terrorism: Appendix B. 2003. November 8, 2007. http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2003/31711.htm nbsp;